The Agent is the back end tool which allows for the automation of many tasks which include backup of databases and maintenance tasks.The entry level version is SQL Server Express which is a limited version but is free.We are often asked by clients if they need to buy a paid version of SQL Server since SQL can be quite expensive to purchase.The answer is generally going to be governed by the size of the server that is required.
SQL Server Express is a good solution for smaller database loads and is very often used as a back end for small applications that run on a single machine. It can be used for smaller shared databases but the limitations often force multi-user databases to use a paid version of SQL Server. Limitations Of Sql Server Express Install SQL ServerIf you are looking to install SQL Server you should look at these limits from not only the perspective of your present needs but also your future needs. A move from SQL Server Express to SQL Server Standard can be more costly then if you purchased SQL Server Standard at the start. The upgrade can be tricky and you should always have tested backup before the upgrade. Add in some downtime and it is worth looking at SQL Server standard if you think you may outgrow the free version in the near future. Limitations There are a number of limitations in terms of database size and resources that prevent SQL Server Express from being used for larger database loads. The most important limitation is that SQL Server Express does not support databases larger than 10 GB. This will prevent you from growing your database to be large. There are also memory limits that will prevent scaling to many users and heavy transaction loads that need to be looked at. The list below addresses the limitations and also shows the limits of the next step up which is SQL Server Standard Edition. GB limit on Database Size: (SQL Server Standard allows for up to 524 PB)This is a hard limit but it is per database. ![]() In reality this is hard to manage and it will hurt your performance significantly. If you plan to grow your database Beyond 10GB you should consider this to be a showstopper. Hitting the 10GB limit will prevent any write transactions to the database and the database engine will return an error to the application when each write is attempted. Limitations Of Sql Server Express License And UpgradeAt best you will get errors and be unable to add data until you purchase a SQL Server License and upgrade the server. At worst your application could crash and possibly cause data loss. CPU limited to lesser of 1 socket or 4 cores: (SQL Server Standard allows for 4 sockets or 24 cores) This means you cannot use the entire computing power of the CPUs in your powerful server. This may or may not be important and will become a problem as you scale up to more transactions and more users. Maximum buffer pool memory (per instance) limited to 1410 MB: (SQL Server Standard is 128 GB) Maximum columnstore segment memory (per instance) limited to 352 MB: (SQL Server Standard is 32 GB) Maximum memory-optimized data size (per database) limited to 352 MB: (SQL Server Standard is 32 GB) Additional Feature Limitations Log Shipping not supported Database Mirrors limited to Witness Only Backup Compression not supported Failover Clusters not supported Availability Groups not supported Online Page and file restore not supported Online Index create and rebuild not supported Resumable online index rebuilds Online schema change not supported Fast recovery not supported Mirrored backups not supported Hot add memory and CPU not supported Encrypted backup not supported Hybrid backup to Windows Azure not supported These features are also not available in Standard edition and require Enterprise edition. An additional consideration to keep in mine with SQL Server Express is that it does not provide the SQL Server Agent.
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